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Table 3 Comparison between respondents with and without mild-to-severe depression with regards to the WHOQOL-BREF domain scores

From: Depression level and coping responses toward the movement control order and its impact on quality of life in the Malaysian community during the COVID-19 pandemic: a web-based cross-sectional study

The WHOQOL-BREF domains, mean ± SD

With mild-to-severe depression

Without depression

Mean difference

Adjusted mean differencea

(95% CI)

p value

Physical health

13.63 ± 2.66

16.20 ± 2.11

− 2.57

− 2.12

(− 2.60, − 1.64)

 < 0.001

Psychological

12.50 ± 2.79

16.10 ± 2.14

− 3.60

− 2.71

(− 3.19, − 2.23)

 < 0.001

Social relationships

12.17 ± 3.49

15.28 ± 2.93

− 3.11

− 2.26

(− 2.91, − 1.61)

 < 0.001

Environment

14.50 ± 2.39

16.21 ± 2.14

− 1.71

− 1.17

(− 1.64, − 0.71)

 < 0.001

  1. aAdjusted for age = 35.75, marital status = 0.47, zone = 0.75, household income = 0.57, avoidant = 22.08, and religion = 5.70