Table 2 The comparison of characteristics at initial hospitalization between two LOS groups

Overall

1212(60.3%)

797(39.7%)

Gender, n (%)

3.515

0.061

 Male

476(63.0)

280(37.0)

 Female

736(58.7)

517(41.3)

Age, (years) mean ± SD

37.68 ± 14.82

37.00 ± 15.87

0.965

0.335

Occupation, n (%)

32.770

< 0.001

 Worker/farmer

35(56.5)

27(43.5)

 Employee

133(59.6)

90(40.4)

 Freelancer

737(64.5)

405(35.5)

 Soldier or student

77(49.7))

78(50.3)

 Retiree

56(43.1)

74(56.9)

 Unemployed

174(58.6)

123(41.4)

Monthly income, (yuan) n (%)

13.122

0.004

 < 1000

141(60.3)

93(39.7)

 1000–3000

523(56.4)

404(43.6)

 3000–5000

296(63.4)

171(36.6)

 ≥ 5000

252(66.1)

129(33.9)

Residence, n (%)

0.549

0.459

 Beijing

719(59.7)

486(40.3)

 Non-Beijing

493(61.3)

311(38.7)

Ethnicity, n (%)

5.891

0.015

 Han

1152(59.8)

775(40.2)

 Minority

60(73.2)

22(26.8)

Marital status, n (%)

14.945

0.001

 Single

419(55.6)

334(44.4)

 Married

704(64.2)

393(35.8)

 Divorced or

widowed

89(56.0)

70(44.0)

Only child, n (%)

0.005

0.945

 No

867(60.4)

569(39.6)

 Yes

345(60.2)

228(39.8)

Interpersonal relationship, n (%)

7.047

0.029

 Bad

96(60.0)

64(40.0)

 General

469(57.0)

354(43.0)

 Good

647(63.1)

379(36.9)

Having children, n (%)

9.263

0.002

 No

487(56.5)

375(43.5)

 Yes

725(63.2)

422(36.8)

Diagnosis, n (%)

1.511

0.219

 BD

698(59.2)

481(40.8)

 Depression

514(61.9)

316(38.1)

Suicide history, n (%)

2.602

0.107

 No

960(61.3)

607(38.7)

 Yes

252(57.0)

190(43.0)

History of respiratory diseases, n (%)

5.307

0.021

 No

1146(61.0)

733(39.0)

 Yes

66(50.8)

64(49.2)

History of cardiovascular diseases, n (%)

0.361

0.548

 No

1019(60.0)

678(40.0)

 Yes

193(61.9)

119(38.1)

History of genitourinary diseases, n (%)

0.448

0.503

 No

1123(60.5)

732(39.5)

 Yes

89(57.8)

65(42.2)

History of digestive diseases, n (%)

1.231

0.267

 No

1055(59.9)

707(40.1)

 Yes

157(63.6)

90(36.4)

History of endocrine disorders, n (%)

1.299

0.254

 No

1100(59.9)

735(40.1)

 Yes

112(64.4)

62(35.6)

History of neurological diseases, n (%)

1.296

0.255

 No

1149(60.6)

746(39.4)

 Yes

63(55.3)

51(44.7)

History of drug allergies, n (%)

0.002

0.968

 No

1091(60.3)

717(39.7)

 Yes

121(60.2)

80(39.8)

History of food allergies, n (%)

3.013

0.083

 No

1155(59.9)

772(40.1)

 Yes

57(69.5)

25(30.5)

History of vaccinations, n (%)

10.712

0.001

 No

76(48.1)

82(51.9)

 Yes

1136(61.4)

715(38.6)

History of infectious diseases, n (%)

2.369

0.124

 No

1161(60.0)

774(40.0)

 Yes

51(68.9)

23(31.1)

History of major trauma, n (%)

0.01

0.919

 No

1081(60.3)

712(39.7)

 Yes

131(60.6)

85(39.4)

Smoking, n (%)

9.561

0.002

 No

906(58.5)

643(41.5)

 Yes

306(66.5)

154(33.5)

Drinking, n (%)

10.389

0.001

 No

988(58.8)

693(41.2)

 Yes

224(68.3)

104(31.7)

Self-care ability, n (%)

10.303

0.006

 Unable

7(46.7)

8(53.3)

 Partial

76(49.0)

79(51.0)

 Able

1129(61.4)

710(38.6)

Precipitating factor n (%)

7.501

0.006

 No

714(58.0)

518(42.0)

 Yes

498(64.1)

279(35.9)

Adverse effects of treatment, n (%)

31.412

< 0.001

 No

843(64.8)

457(35.2)

 Yes

369(52.0)

340(48.0)

Clinical manifestation, n (%)

3.612

0.057

 Intermittent

834(61.8)

516(38.2)

 Continuous

378(57.4)

281(42.6)

Onset type n (%)

3.584

0.167

 Acute

297(64.0)

167(36.0)

 Sub-acute

210(60.2)

139(39.8)

 Chronic

705(58.9)

491(41.1)

Suicide behavior, n (%)

4.989

0.083

 No

760(60.6)

495(39.4)

 Suicide ideation

329(62.5)

197(37.5)

 Suicide attempt

123(53.9)

105(46.1)

Hospitalization frequency, n (%)

3.316

0.191

 2

871(60.9)

559(39.1)

 3

234(61.3)

148(38.7)

 ≥ 4

107(54.3)

90(45.7)

Duration, (years) Mean ± SD

5.37 ± 7.11

5.08 ± 7.55

0.870

0.384

MECT, n(%)

17.539

< 0.001

 No

549(65.7)

286(34.3)

 Yes

663(56.5)

511(43.5)

Comorbidity, n(%)

1.914

0.166

 No

297(63.1)

174(36.9)

 Yes

915(59.5)

623(40.5)

Treatment effectiveness, n(%)

103.117

< 0.001

 Cure

105(38.0)

171(62.0)

 Improvement

1030(62.3)

623(37.7)

 Not healed

77(96.2)

3(3.8)

Antipsychotics, n(%)

5.981

0.014

 No

249(65.9)

129(34.1)

 Yes

963(59.0)

668(41.0)

Moodstabilizers, n(%)

3.408

0.065

 No

469(63.0)

276(37.0)

 Yes

743(58.8)

521(41.2)

Antidepressants, n(%)

0.058

0.809

 No

656(60.6)

427(39.4)

 Yes

556(60.0)

370(40.0)

Anxiolytics, n(%)

11.479

0.001

 No

867(58.1)

624(41.9)

 Yes

345(66.6)

173(33.4)