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Table 5 Serum cytokine concentrations in 65 perimenopausal women subdivided into five groups according to the presence and severity of hot flashes (Menopause Rating Scale)

From: The role of cytokines and hot flashes in perimenopausal depression

Cytokine

Hot flashes

P value, Kruskal-Wallis

 

Without (n = 8)

Mild (n = 16)

Moderate (n = 11)

Severe (n = 20)

Very severe (n = 10)

 

TNFα

8.67 (3.84 to 13.50)

4.47 (1.84 to 7.35)

5.42 (3.49 to 7.35)

5.82 (4.08 to 9.23)

11.15 (3.01 to 21.90)

0.495, NS

IL-6

22.10

1.19 (0.95 to 1.44)

2.42 (1.13 to 4.31)

3.02 (1.26 to 6.96)

2.11 (1.50 to 2.95)

0.456, NS

IL-10

8.43 (3.97 to 12.90)

1.91

6.57 (2.40 to 12.60)

3.48 (1.08 to 10.20)

5.45 1.31 to 12.00)

0.332, NS

  1. The results of cytokines are expressed as medians (10% to 90%). Unit of serum cytokine concentration is pg/ml.
  2. IL = interleukin; NS = not significant; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.