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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants

From: Risk factors for lethal outcome in patients with delirium tremens - psychiatrist's perspective: a nested case-control study

 

Cases

Controls

Case/controls statistics

All survivors

All patients (cases + all survivors)

Sex

     

  Male

14

28

 

175 (99.4%)

189 (99.5%)

  Female

-

-

1 (0.6%)

1 (0.5%)

Age M ± SD

56.64 ± 11.34

56.39 ± 9.51

t(40) = −0.075; p = 0.940

50.97 ± 9.60

51.39 ± 9.82

Death

     

  No

-

28

 

176

176 (92.6%)

  Yes

14

-

-

14 (7.4%)

Heredity

     

  No

11 (78.6%)

19 (67.9%)

χ2(1) = 0.131; p = 0.717

106 (60.2%)

116 (61.1%)

  Yes

3 (21.4%)

9 (32.1%)

48 (27.3%)

51 (26.8%)

  Missing

-

-

23 (12.5%)

23 (12.1%)

Hospitalization

     

  > 1

11 (78.6%)

6 (21.4%)

χ2(1) = 12.649; p = 0.001*

108 (61.4%)

119 (62.6%)

  First

3 (21.4%)

22 (78.6%)

60 (34.1%)

63 (33.2%)

  Missing

-

-

8 (4.5%)

8 (4.2%)

Duration of treatment in days M ± SD

4.29 ± 3.77

17.89 ± 11.90

U = 21.000; p = 0.000*

16.34 ± 8.39

15.43 ± 8.73

Marital status

     

  Not married

8 (57.1%)

20 (71.4%)

χ2(1) = 0.857; p = 0.355

58 (33.0%)

66 (34.7%)

  Married/widower

6 (42.9%)

8 (28.6%)

104 (59.1%)

110 (57.9%)

  Missing

-

-

14 (8.0%)

14 (7.4%)

Professional qualifications

     

  High

6 (42.9%)

16 (57.1%)

χ2(1) = 0.764; p = 0.382

53 (30.1%)

59 (31.1%)

  Low

8 (57.1%)

12 (42.9%)

107 (60.8%)

115 (60.5%)

  Missing

-

-

16 (9.1%)

16 (8.4%)

Duration of alcohol consumption in years M ± SD

19.64 ± 10.02

20.39 ± 12.20

U = 193.500; p = 0.946

17.41 ± 8.51

17.59 ± 8.63

K+ in serum M ± SD

4.50 ± 0.71

3.74 ± 0.59

t(40) = −3.661; p = 0.001*

3.87 ± 1.62

3.92 ± 1.58

AST/ALT ratio M ± SD

2.04 ± 1.43

1.80 ± 0.77

t(40) = −0.600; p = 0.557

2.05 ± 2.06

2.05 ± 2.01

CPK in serum M ± SD

2,910.79 ± 7,323.98

1,421.39 ± 1,841.46

U = 180.000; p = 0.669

1,413.82 ± 2,693.66

1,555.43 ± 3,391.42

Epileptic status

     

  No

11 (78.6%)

22 (78.6%)

χ2(1) = 0.000; p = 1.000

117 (66.5%)

128 (67.4%)

  Yes

3 (21.4%)

6 (21.4%)

56 (31.8%)

59 (31.1%)

  Missing

-

-

3 (1.7%)

3 (1.6%)

Liver damage

     

  No

10 (71.4%)

18 (64.3%)

χ2(1) = 0.214; p = 0.643

129 (73.3%)

139 (73.2%)

  Yes

4 (28.6%)

10 (35.7%)

43 (24.4%)

47 (24.7%)

  Missing

-

-

4 (2.3%)

4 (2.1%)

Transfer to another department

     

  No

13 (92.9%)

24 (85.7%)

χ2(1) = 0.454; p = 0.500

145 (82.4%)

158 (83.2%)

  Yes

1 (7.1%)

4 (14.3%)

27 (15.3%)

28 (14.7%)

  Missing

-

-

4 (2.3%)

4 (2.1%)

  1. *p < 0.05 (significant difference); K+, potassium in serum; AST/ALT, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase; CPK, creatine phosphokinase; M, mean; SD, standard deviation.