The Inventory of Personality Organisation: its psychometric properties among student and clinical populations in Japan

Igarashi, Hiromi; Kikuchi, Hiroyoshi; Kano, Rikihachiro; Mitoma, Hiroshi; Shono, Masahiro; Hasui, Chieko; Kitamura, Toshinori

doi:10.1186/1744-859X-8-9

Annals of General Psychiatry

Table 1 Means and standard deviations (SDs) of the Inventory of Personality Organisation (IPO) items (N = 353)

From: The Inventory of Personality Organisation: its psychometric properties among student and clinical populations in Japan

No.	Category	Question	Mean	SD
1	PD	I am a 'hero worshiper'	1.82	1.00
2	PD	People I once thought highly of have disappointed me	2.38	1.01
3	PD	It has been a long time since anyone taught me anything I did not know	1.99	1.02
4	PD	People turn against me or betray me	1.83	1.05
5	PD	I admire people in order to feel secure	2.54	1.08
6	PD MV	I do things that at other times I think are not too wise	1.90	1.09
7	PD	I have difficulty in seeing shortcomings in those I admire	1.27	.061
8	PD	I don't get what I want	2.50	1.22
9	PD	I behave in contradictory ways	1.83	1.01
10	PD	People are basically either good or bad	1.78	1.06
11	PD	People use me	1.75	0.98
12	PD	I act in unpredictable and erratic ways	2.45	1.15
13	PD	I have favourite people whom I idealise	2.62	1.27
14	PD MV	I do things that I later find hard to believe I did	2.59	1.05
15	PD	People either overwhelm me with love or abandon me	1.62	0.96
16	PD	I feel things with either joy or despair	2.22	1.19
17	ID MV	Others see me as quite different from the way I really am	1.71	1.05
18	ID	I'm different at home than I am at work/school	2.46	1.33
19	ID	My tastes and opinions are borrowed from other people	1.86	1.03
20	ID	I behave differently in different situations	2.41	1.22
21	ID	I fluctuate between being warm and cold	2.77	1.23
22	ID	I provoke people to get my way	1.41	0.79
23	ID	I can't explain the changes in my behaviour	1.93	1.14
24	ID	I do things on impulse that are socially unacceptable	2.14	1.07
25	ID	It's hard for me to say no	2.35	1.18
26	ID	My life seems like a series of short stories	1.96	1.24
27	ID	I pick up interests and then drop them	2.17	1.16
28	ID	When others see me as having succeeded, I'm elated	2.79	1.31
29	ID	Important people suddenly change their attitudes towards me	3.36	1.31
30	ID	It is hard for me to be sure about what others think of me	3.30	1.27
31	ID	Being alone is difficult	2.10	1.14
32	ID	I see myself in different ways at different times	2.60	1.23
33	ID	In an intimate relationship, I'm afraid of losing a sense of myself	1.87	1.18
34	ID	My life goals change frequently	2.25	1.19
35	ID	My goals keep changing	2.42	1.24
36	ID	After being involved with people, I find out what they are really like	2.55	1.13
37	ID	People cannot guess how I'm going to behave	2.29	1.17
38	RT	When everything is confused, I feel that way inside	2.71	1.27
39	RT	I am not sure whether a voice I have heard is my imagination	1.67	1.00
40	RT	When I am confused, things in the outside world don't make sense either	2.30	1.26
41	RT	I feel as if I'm someone else	1.53	0.89
42	RT	I see things that turn out to be something else	1.57	0.90
43	RT	When uncomfortable, I can't tell whether it is emotional or physical	2.06	1.10
44	RT	I can see/hear things that nobody else can see/hear	1.35	0.76
45	RT	I hear things that are not really there	1.31	0.73
46	RT	I have heard or seen things without apparent reason	1.35	0.77
47	RT	I do things to upset other people	1.62	0.94
48	RT	I can't tell whether certain physical sensations are real	1.39	0.80
49	RT	My wishes/thoughts will come true as if by magic	1.54	0.87
50	RT	People see me as rude or inconsiderate	1.39	0.76
51	RT	I understand things that nobody else is able to understand	1.58	0.76
52	RT	I cannot tell when certain things would appear crazy to others	1.52	0.88
53	RT	I have seen things that do not exist	1.28	0.76
54	RT	I feel as if I have been somewhere before when I really haven't	2.32	1.16
55	RT	I can't tell whether I simply want something to be true	1.45	0.87
56	RT	Things will happen by thinking about them	1.38	0.75
57	RT	I never know how to conduct myself with people	1.66	1.01
58	AG	I enjoy seeing other people suffer	1.34	0.75
59	AG	When we disagreed about how to solve a problem, I couldn't stand it	1.48	0.91
60	AG	I have intentionally harmed someone	1.96	1.06
61	AG	To maintain control, you have to make people afraid of you	1.49	0.88
62	AG	I have seriously harmed someone in self-defence	1.91	1.09
63	AG	I control others by making them feel guilty	1.22	0.63
64	AG	I inflict physical harm on others	1.14	0.54
65	AG	I neglect my physical health	1.45	0.84
66	AG	You can obtain what you want by hurting yourself	1.26	0.77
67	AG	I like having others afraid of me	1.19	0.57
68	AG	I can't resist doing things which others consider hurtful but relieve tension	1.19	0.59
69	AG	The suffering of other people is exciting	1.19	0.59
70	AG	When people don't understand/mess things up I become hostile	2.02	1.15
71	AG	I enjoy making other people suffer	1.17	0.56
72	AG	It is a big relief to cause physical pain to myself	1.13	0.48
73	AG	I enjoy dangerous activities	1.23	0.60
74	AG	I have made an attempt at suicide	1.18	0.57
75	AG	I lose my patience and later regret it	1.76	1.02
76	MV	Everybody would steal if not afraid	1.79	1.14
77	MV	I feel justified in taking things that aren't mine if I can do so safely	1.31	0.74
78	MV	There are periods of time when I've acted in an immoral or amoral way	1.73	0.93
79	MV	People pretend to feel guilty when afraid of being caught	1.46	.077
80	MV	Everybody is out to get things for themselves	1.55	0.91
81	MV	One cannot judge others' real feelings from their surface behaviour	2.16	1.20
82	MV	Everybody pretends to be concerned about others and moral values	1.50	0.83
83	MV	I'm free of guilty feelings	1.46	0.90

The wordings of each item are abbreviated.
AG, Aggression; ID, Identity Diffusion; MV, Moral Value; PD, Primitive Defences; RT, Reality Testing.

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ISSN: 1744-859X

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