Table 1 Sociodemographic and illness-related data of voluntary and involuntary admissions, F0–G3: diagnostic groups according to ICD-10
From: Preventing involuntary admissions: special needs for distinct patient groups
Variable | Voluntary (N = 196,389), data in % | Involuntary (N = 17,206), data in % | Group comparison | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 57.6 | 58.0 | \( \chi_{\left( 1 \right)}^{2} = 1.047 \) | p = .306 |
Female | 42.4 | 42.0 | |||
Age | M (SD) | 44.41 (17.04) | 48.55 (19.52) | t(19,561.444) = −26.877 | p < .001 |
<18 | 0.1 | 0.1 | \( \chi_{\left( 7 \right)}^{2} = 1263.41 \) | p < .001 | |
18–21 | 5.4 | 6.2 | |||
22–30 | 18.0 | 13.6 | |||
31–40 | 22.1 | 18.5 | |||
41–50 | 24.5 | 22.7 | |||
51–60 | 12.7 | 12.3 | |||
61–70 | 6.9 | 8.4 | |||
>70 | 10.2 | 18.1 | |||
Marital status | Married | 28.4 | 30.7 | \( \chi_{\left( 2 \right)}^{2} = 195.049 \) | p < .001 |
Single | 71.6 | 69.3 | |||
Nationality | German | 95.1 | 94.0 | \( \chi_{\left( 4 \right)}^{2} = 39.927 \) | p < .001 |
Turkish | 2.2 | 2.4 | |||
Polish | 0.3 | 0.4 | |||
Italian | 0.3 | 0.3 | |||
Other | 2.1 | 2.8 | |||
Religion | Roman-Catholic | 49.6 | 54.2 | Due to a high amount of missing data no statistics could be used | |
Protestant | 34.4 | 32.7 | |||
Muslim | 3.9 | 3.1 | |||
Other | 12.1 | 10.0 | |||
Month of admission (most frequent) | 1 | August: 8.7 | July: 9.5 | \( \chi_{{\left( {11} \right)}}^{2} = 88.221 \) | p < .001 |
2 | July: 8.6 | August: 9.1 | |||
3 | March: 8.6 | June: 9.0 | |||
Time of day of admission | Morning (8–12 a.m.) | 48.0 | 16.2 | \( \chi_{\left( 2 \right)}^{2} = 9704.74 \) | p < .001 |
Afternoon (12 a.m.–4 p.m.) | 27.2 | 26.3 | |||
Late afternoon and night (4 p.m.–8 a.m.) | 24.8 | 57.5 | |||
Admission type | Hospital doctor on call | 13.7 | 33.5 | \( \chi_{\left( 6 \right)}^{2} = 3449.047 \) | p < .001 |
(Psychiatrist) | 31.5 | 31.8 | |||
General practitioner | 46.1 | 19.7 | |||
Other specialist | 8.4 | 14.7 | |||
Service allocation | General psychiatry | 40.4 | 48.2 | \( \chi_{\left( 3 \right)}^{2} = 2380.468 \) | p < .001 |
Addiction psychiatry | 41.3 | 28.0 | |||
Gerontopsychiatry | 11.8 | 20.9 | |||
Other | 6.5 | 3.0 | |||
Main diagnosis (ICD-10) | F0 | 5.1 | 16.1 | \( \chi_{{\left( {10} \right)}}^{2} = 7709.130 \) | p < .001 |
F1 | 36.7 | 22.8 | |||
F2 | 14.7 | 30.5 | |||
F3 | 28.2 | 14.9 | |||
F4 | 3.1 | 2.8 | |||
F5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | |||
F6 | 5.2 | 6.8 | |||
F7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | |||
F8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
F9 | 0.2 | 0.5 | |||
G3 | 2.2 | 3.4 | |||
Comorbidity | Psychiatric | 47.4 | 43.6 | \( \chi_{{\left( {22} \right)}}^{2} = 1137.372 \) | p < .001 |
Somatic | 10.8 | 10.7 | \( \chi_{{\left( {40} \right)}}^{2} = 208.934 \) | p < .001 | |
Duration of stay | M (SD) | 22.60 (23.795) | 24.84 (28.480) | t(19,367.606) = −10.005 | p < .001 |
1 day | 1.4 | 3.7 | \( \chi_{\left( 8 \right)}^{2} = 5922.69 \) | p < .001 | |
2 days | 5.0 | 10.0 | |||
2 weeks | 42.1 | 34.0 | |||
6 weeks | 36.4 | 34.2 | |||
≥7 weeks | 15.1 | 18.2 | |||
Number of previous treatments | M (SD) | 7.61 (12.79) | 5.84 (10.12) | t(22,316.321) = 21.397 | p < .001 |
1 | 24.5 | 33.5 | \( \chi_{\left( 4 \right)}^{2} = 786.410 \) | p < .001 | |
2 | 16.2 | 16.3 | |||
3 | 11.0 | 10.4 | |||
4–10 | 29.6 | 25.7 | |||
>10 | 18.8 | 14.1 |