Table 2 Assessment of risk of bias in individual studies
From: Smoking and antidepressants pharmacokinetics: a systematic review
Study | Selection bias | Performance bias | Detection bias | Attrition bias | Reporting bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lundmarck et al. [12] | − | − | − | ? | − |
Koelch et al. [13] | ? | ? | − | − | + |
Lundmarck et al. [14] | − | − | − | ? | − |
Taurines et al. [15] | ? | ? | − | − | + |
Reis et al. [16] | ? | ? | − | ? | + |
Reis et al. [17] | + | ? | − | ? | ? |
Spigset et al. [18] | − | − | − | − | − |
Carrillo et al. [19] | − | − | − | − | ? |
Yoshimura et al. [20] | − | + | − | − | ? |
Gerstenberg et al. [21] | − | − | − | ? | ? |
Sugahara et al. [22] | ? | ? | − | − | ? |
Katoh et al. [23] | + | − | − | − | ? |
Suzuki et al. [24] | + | − | − | − | − |
Reis et al. [25] | + | ? | − | ? | ? |
Unterecker et al. [26] | − | − | − | ? | − |
Fric et al. [27] | + | − | − | ? | − |
Lobo et al. [28] | − | − | − | − | − |
Ishida et al. [29] | ? | − | − | − | − |
Lind et al. [30] | − | − | − | − | − |
Sirot et al. [31] | + | − | ? | − | − |
Hsyu et al. [32] | + | − | − | − | + |