Table 2 Group comparisons of life satisfaction, happiness, and clinical factors according to the presence of depression
Variables | Depressive symptoms | t/χ2 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No (BDI < 16) N (%) or mean ± SD | Yes (BDI ≥ 16) N (%) or mean ± SD | Total N (%) or mean ± SD | |||
Life satisfaction | |||||
 SWLS | 22.4 ± 5.7 | 15.5 ± 5.5 | 21.5 ± 6.2 | 20.05 | < 0.001 |
Happiness | |||||
 PPTI | 34.5 ± 9.9 | 22.6 ± 8.6 | 32.9 ± 10.5 | 22.36 | < 0.001 |
  Pleasant life | 12.9 ± 3.7 | 8.5 ± 3.5 | 12.3 ± 4.0 | 19.95 | < 0.001 |
  Engaged life | 11.7 ± 3.9 | 7.9 ± 3.8 | 11.2 ± 4.1 | 16.08 | < 0.001 |
  Meaningful life | 6.9 ± 2.8 | 4.6 ± 2.6 | 6.6 ± 2.9 | 13.74 | < 0.001 |
Clinical factors | |||||
 Alcohol consumption | |||||
  AUDIT | 8.1 ± 6.2 | 9.5 ± 8.1 | 8.3 ± 6.5 | − 2.97 | 0.003 |
  Social drinking | 1309 (64.7) | 182 (58.0) | 1491 (63.8) | 5.30 | 0.021 |
  Hazardous drinking | 715 (35.3) | 132 (42.0) | 847 (36.2) |  |  |
 Sleep quality | |||||
  PSQI global score | 5.1 ± 2.7 | 7.8 ± 3.3 | 5.5 ± 2.9 | − 13.93 | < 0.001 |
  PSQI component score | |||||
   Sleep quality | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | − 11.59 | < 0.001 |
   Sleep latency | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | − 8.95 | < 0.001 |
   Sleep duration | 0.9 ± 0.9 | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 0.9 ± 0.9 | − 4.42 | < 0.001 |
   Sleep efficiency | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | − 6.27 | < 0.001 |
   Sleep disturbance | 0.8 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.5 | − 11.68 | < 0.001 |
   Hypnotic medication use | 0.0 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.5 | 0.0 ± 0.2 | − 8.10 | < 0.001 |
   Daytime dysfunction | 0.8 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | − 15.08 | < 0.001 |
  Good sleep | 1210 (59.8) | 80 (25.5) | 1290 (55.2) | 129.34 | < 0.001 |
  Poor sleep | 814 (40.2) | 234 (74.5) | 1048 (44.8) |  |  |