Burden among caregivers of people with mental illness at Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Ayalew, Mohammed; Workicho, Abdulhalik; Tesfaye, Elias; Hailesilasie, Hailemariam; Abera, Mubarek

doi:10.1186/s12991-019-0233-7

Annals of General Psychiatry

Table 4 Simple linear regression for burden among caregivers of PWMI (FBIS)

From: Burden among caregivers of people with mental illness at Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Variable	R ²	B	95% CI	p value
Age of caregiver	0.117	0.304	0.223 to 0.386	< 0.001
Duration of caregiver contact to patient within 24 h	0.351	1.954	1.695 to 2.214	< 0.001
Duration of care given by the caregiver	0.110	7.513	5.428 to 9.598	< 0.001
Caregiver’s sex
Male	0.007	0
Female		1.931	− 0.283 to 4.145	0.087
Marital status of caregiver
Married caregiver^a	0.020	0
Single		− 2.795	− 5.125 to (− 0.465)	0.019
Others		5.589	− 1.904 to 13.082	0.143
Caregiver’s educational level
(College or above)^a	0.006	0
Not educated		0.982	− 2.007 to 3.971	0.519
Primary education		2.321	− 0.668 to 5.310	0.128
Secondary education		0.925	− 2.309 to 4.159	0.574
Residence of the caregiver
Urban	0.005	0
Rural		− 1.488	− 3.576 to 0.601	0.162
Relationship to the patient
Parent^a	0.026	0
Spouse		0.554	− 3.044 to 4.153	0.762
Siblings		− 2.338	− 5.643 to 0.867	0.150
Children		− 2.299	− 4.780 to 0.182	0.069
Other relatives		− 6.686	− 11.542 to (− 1.829)	0.007
Caregiver’s income in USD	0.220	− 0.106	− 0.126 to (− 0.087)	< 0.001
Social support of caregivers	0.285	− 1.687	− 1.949 to (− 1.426)	< 0.001
Perceived stigma of caregiver	0.397	0.990	0.871 to 1.109	< 0.001
Patient’s age	0.010	6.992	0.171 to 13.812	0.045
Duration of patient’s illness	0.102	7.121	5.055 to 9.188	< 0.001
Age of the patient at first onset of illness	0.001	− 0.034	− 0.127 to 0.058	0.470
Patient’s sex
Male	0.001	0
Female		− 0.497	− 2.644 to 1.649	0.649
Patient’s educational level
College or more education^a	0.008	0
Not educated		− 2.418	− 5.753 to 0.918	0.155
Primary education		− 1.646	− 4.891 to 1.599	0.319
Secondary education		− 0.183	− 3.645 to 3.279	0.917
Diagnosis of the patient
Schizophrenia^a	0.057	0
Other psychotic disorders		− 5.668	− 9.253 to (− 2.083)	0.002
BAD^b		1.686	− 1.550 to 4.921	0.306
MDD^c		− 4.827	− 7.528 to (− 2.125)	< 0.001
Other disorders^d		− 3.403	− 7.607 to (− 0.801)	0.112
Episodes of illness
Single episodes of illness^a	0.051	0
2–4 episodes		5.659	3.349 to 7.970	< 0.001
5 or more episodes		3.521	0.819 to 6.223	0.011
Patients history of psychiatric admission
Yes	0.042	0
No		− 4.407	− 6.903 to (− 2.511)	< 0.001
Patient’s history of substance use
Yes	0.016	0
No		− 2.783	− 4.916 to (− 0.651)	0.011
Severity of patient’s illness (CGIS)
Normal (asymptomatic)^a	0.114	0
Borderline ill		2.941	− 2.653 to 8.535	0.302
Mildly ill		5.442	2.159 to 8725	0.001
Moderate ill		7.170	3.940 to 10.400	< 0.001
Marked ill		12.078	7.764 to 16.391	< 0.001
Severe ill		15.866	7.814 to 23.917	< 0.001
Extreme ill		19.294	10.673 to 27.915	< 0.001

^aReference group
^bBipolar affective disorder
^cMajor depressive disorder
^dAnxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorders, neuro-cognitive disorders, etc.

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