Fig. 1
From: Neurocognitive impairment and evidence-based treatment options in Bipolar disorder
(Reproduced after permission from Lewandowski et al. [105])
Long-term evolution of the neurocognitive deficit in BD patients, in comparison to patients with schizophrenia and normal subjects. Overall, in contrast to schizophrenia patients, BD patients exhibit a relatively intact cognitive functioning throughout childhood and adolescence, and the neurocognitive deterioration is observed only after the overt symptom onset