The reliability, validity and factorial structure of the Swahili version of the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7) among adults living with HIV from Kilifi, Kenya

Table 5 Goodness of fit indices for multi-group confirmatory factor analysis of unidimensional factorial structure of Swahili GAD-7

Invariance model	RMSEA^a (95% CI)	TLI^b	CFI^b	ΔCFI^c	Reference model
Sex
1. Configural invariance	0.000 (0.000–0.018)	1.028	1.000	–	–
2. Metric invariance	0.000 (0.000–0.038)	1.012	1.000	< 0.001	1
3. Scalar invariance	0.000 (0.000–0.031)	1.015	1.000	< 0.001	2
Age
1. Configural invariance	0.000 (0.000–0.036)	1.017	1.000	–	–
2. Metric invariance	0.025 (0.000–0.057)	0.989	0.991	0.009	1
3. Scalar invariance	0.032 (0.000–0.059)	0.982	0.983	0.008	2

RMSE root mean square error of approximation, 95% CI–95% confidence interval, TLI Tucker–Lewis index, CFI-comparative fit index; Δ–change in
^aAcceptable fit ≤ 0.08, excellent fit ≤ 0.06
^bAcceptable fit ≥ 0.90, excellent fit ≥ 0.95
^cAcceptable cut-off to detect invariance ≤ 0.01

ISSN: 1744-859X