From: Systematic review of gut microbiota and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
No. | Study | Genetic analysis | Characteristic of population | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Medical history | Antibiotic usage | Probiotic/prebiotic usage | ADHD medication | Dietary patterns | |||
1. | Aarts et al. [12] | 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Titanium sequencing chemistry | No information | No information | No information | No information | No information |
Region: V3–V4 | |||||||
Pipeline analysis: QIIME ver 1.2 | |||||||
Database: ENA | |||||||
2. | Jiang et al. [9] | 16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing using Illumina MiSeq platform with TruSeqTM DNA Sample Prep Kit | Excluded sample with digestive symptoms, depressive and anxiety symptoms, obesity, atopic diseases (allergic rhinitis, asthma, eczema), and other severe diseases 2 months prior to samples collection | No use of antibiotics 2 months prior to samples collection | No use of probiotic/prebiotic 2 months prior to samples collection | No history of ADHD medication | Excluded vegetarian and non-vegetarian diet (using questionnaire filled by parents) |
Region: V3–V4 | |||||||
Pipeline analysis: QIIME | |||||||
3. | Prehn-Kristensen et al. [14] | DNA amplification on primer 27F-338R using Illumina Miseq | No information | No information | No information | 10 samples of ADHD had been taking ADHD medication for more than a year | The participants took notes on their food intake for fast food, meat/sausage/cold cuts, fruits/vegetables, and yoghurt/dairy products (using 4-point scales) |
Region: V1–V2 | |||||||
Pipeline analysis: Mothur | |||||||
4. | Wang et al. [10] | 16S rRNA gene sequencing | Excluded samples with history of neuropsychiatry disorder or any major diseases | No recent use of antibiotic | No recent use of antibiotic | No history of ADHD medication | Excluded vegetarian diet (using FFQ) |
Region: V3–V4 | |||||||
5. | Wan. et al. [11] | Shotgun metagenomic sequencing using Illumina Novaseq platform | Excluded samples with history of respiratory/digestive infection in a month prior to samples | No information | No use of probiotic 1 month prior to samples collection | No information | Excluded vegetarian diet. The participants were asked to maintain their regular dietary patterns for 1 |
Pipeline analysis: HUMAnN2 ver 0.11.2 | |||||||
Database: Integrated Gene Catalog and KEGG | Collection, history of digestive/chronic diseases, BMI < 20 kg/m2, and allergic rhinitis/asthma | Week prior to samples collection (using food diary) | |||||
6. | Szopinska-Tokov. et al. [13] | 16s rRNA gene sequencing | No information | No recent use of antibiotic | No recent use of probiotic | There were history of ADHD medication | No information |
Region: 27F-DegS-338RI-II | |||||||
Pipeline analysis: NG-Tax 16s rRNA | |||||||
Database: SILVA |