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Table 2 Within- and between-group comparisons in the rates of psychiatric admissions and ER visits, and MPR

From: Effects of comorbid alcohol use disorder on the clinical outcomes of first-episode schizophrenia: a nationwide population-based study

Variable

Schizophrenia with AUD (n = 1598)

Matched controls (n = 1598)

Between-group t-valuea

Interaction effect (group * time) p-valueb

Before

After

Within-group t-valuea

Before

After

Within-group t-valuea

Before

After

Psychiatric admission, /person-year, mean (SD)

6.17 (29.63)

1.20 (2.35)

6.684***

1.81 (4.14)

0.29 (1.12)

14.168***

5.826***

13.974***

< 0.001

ER visit, /person-year, mean (SD)

1.88 (18.32)

0.33 (1.06)

3.377***

0.46 (2.30)

0.05 (0.31)

7.062***

3.074**

10.135***

0.014

MPR, mean (SD)

0.51 (0.41)

0.63 (0.31)

9.333***

0.75 (0.42)

0.71 (0.28)

3.168**

16.346***

7.656***

< 0.001

  1. AUD alcohol use disorder, SD standard deviation, ER emergency room, MPR medication possession ratio
  2. aUnpaired t-test was used for between-group analyses and paired t-test for within-group analyses
  3. bMultivariate linear regression analysis was used for the interaction effect
  4. **p = 0.002
  5. ***p < 0.001