Table 1 Sociodemographic and neonatal characteristics and results of the neuropsychological assessment of the SZs and HCs
From: Aberrant cortical surface and cognition function in drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia
|  | SZs (n = 117) | HCs (n = 98) | Statistic | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | t/t'/X 2 | p | |
Age (years) | 24.73 ± 7.01 | 26.53 ± 7.05 | t' = − 0.47 | 0.062 |
Gender (male/female) | 86/31 | 58/40 | X 2 = 0.32 | 0.030 |
Handedness (right/left) | 115/0 | 98/0 | Â | Â |
Years of education | 13.18 ± 2.79 | 14.14 ± 2.31 | t' = − 2.31 | 0.022 |
DUP (months) | 15.77 ± 14.56 | NA |  |  |
WAIS (IQ) | 102.80 ± 11.69 | 116.67 ± 9.15 | t'= − 8.17 | 0.000 |
Cognitive domains | Â | |||
Speed of processing | 33.52 ± 10.25 | 49.36 ± 9.74 | t' =− 9.86 | 0.000 |
Attention/vigilance | 36.12 ± 10.82 | 47.96 ± 7.36 | t' = − 7.88 | 0.000 |
Working memory | 34.12 ± 9.67 | 45.12 ± 7.12 | t' = − 7.97 | 0.000 |
Verbal learning | 35.16 ± 11.08 | 46.70 ± 9.77 | t' = − 6.86 | 0.000 |
Visual learning | 39.43 ± 11.86 | 50.73 ± 8.04 | t'= − 6.87 | 0.000 |
Reasoning/problem solving | 43.57 ± 10.69 | 54.45 ± 7.06 | t' = − 7.39 | 0.000 |
Social cognition | 32.69 ± 9.87 | 39.56 ± 9.16 | t' = − 4.49 | 0.000 |
Executive function | 36.30 ± 11.01 | 52.33 ± 8.50 | t' = − 10.07 | 0.000 |
overall composite | 28.55 ± 12.23 | 47.00 ± 7.53 | t' = − 11.46 | 0.000 |
PANSS | Â | Â | Â | |
All totals | 91.48 ± 7.88 | NA |  |  |
Positive symptoms | 16.16 ± 2.80 | NA |  |  |
Negative symptoms | 18.95 ± 3.20 | NA |  |  |
General | 46.13 ± 3.83 | NA |  |  |