Table 6 Bivariate analysis of factor associated and Status of expressed emotion among caregiver of patient with schizophrenia at Jimma University Medical Center Psychiatry Clinic, Southwest Ethiopia 2019 (n = 422)
Variable | Category | Frequency (%) | Expressed emotion status | P value | COR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High EE (n = 184) | Low EE (n = 238) | |||||
Care giver age | 18–27 | 117 (27.7) | 52 (28.3%) | 65 (27.3%) | 0.323 | 1.313 (0.765, 2.253) |
28–38 | 97 (23.0) | 44 (23.9%) | 53 (22.3%) | 0.283 | 1.362 (0.775, 2.395) | |
39–52 | 105 (24.9) | 49 (26.6%) | 56 (23.5%) | 0.200* | 1.436 (0.826, 2.496) | |
52–79 | 103 (24.4) | 39 (21.2%) | 64 (26.9%) | 1 | ||
Caregiver occupation | Farmer | 146 (34.6) | 54 (29.3%) | 92 (38.7%) | 1 | |
House wife | 43 (10.2) | 21 (11.4%) | 22 (9.2%) | 0.165* | 1.626 (0.819, 3.229) | |
Merchant | 56 (13.7) | 27 (14.7%) | 31 (13.0%) | 0.209* | 1.484 (0.802, 2.747) | |
Gov’t employee | 57 (13.5) | 28 (15.2%) | 29 (12.2%) | 0.115* | 1.645 (0.886, 3.053) | |
Private employee | 42 (10.00) | 20 (10.9%) | 22 (9.2%) | 0.216* | 1.549 (0.775, 3.096) | |
Student | 33 (7.8) | 13 (7.1%) | 20 (8.4%) | 0.796 | 1.107 (0.510, 2.403) | |
Retired and unemployed | 30 (7.1) | 16 (8.7%) | 14 (5.9%) | 0.099* | 1.947 (0.882, 4.299) | |
Others | 13 (3.1) | 5 (2.7%) | 8 (3.4%) | 0.916 | 1.065 (0.332, 3.420) | |
Average monthly income in ETB | < 200 | 114 (27.0) | 47 (25.5%) | 67 (28.2%) | 1 | |
201–1000 | 162 (38.4) | 69 (37.5%) | 93 (39.1%) | 0.821 | 1.058 (0.651, 1.719) | |
1001–2000 | 58 (13.7) | 20 (10.9%) | 38 (16.0%) | 0.392 | .750 (0.389, 1.448) | |
> 2000 | 88 (20.9) | 48 (26.1%) | 40 (16.8%) | 0.061* | 1.711 (0.976, 2.999) | |
Place of residence | Rural | 194 (46) | 78 (42.4%) | 116 (48.7%) | ||
Urban | 228 (54) | 106 (57.6%) | 122 (51.3%) | 0.195* | 1.292 (0.877, 1.904) | |
Relation to the patient | Parents | 166 (39.3) | 68 (37.0%) | 98 (41.2%) | 1 | |
Child | 44 (10.4) | 15 (8.2%) | 29 (12.2%) | 0.408 | 0.745 (0.372, 1.495) | |
Siblings | 151 (35.8) | 76 (41.3%) | 75 (31.5%) | 0.095* | 1.460 (0.936, 2.277) | |
Aunt/uncle | 22 (5.2) | 8 (4.3%) | 14 (5.9%) | 0.680 | 0.824 (0.328, 2.071) | |
Spouse | 24 (5.7) | 9 (4.9%) | 15 (6.3%) | 0.747 | 0.865 (0.358, 2.090) | |
Others | 15 (3.6) | 8 (4.3%) | 7 (2.9%) | 0.356 | 1.647 (0.570, 4.756) | |
Family size | < 4 | 130 (30.8) | 62 (33.7%) | 68 (28.6%) | 0.442 | |
5–6 | 128 (30.3) | 56 (30.4%) | 72 (30.3%) | 0.525 | 0.853 (0.522, 1.393.) | |
> 7 | 164 (38.9) | 66 (35.9%) | 98 (41.2%) | 0.201* | 0.739 (0.464, 1.175) | |
Family size with mental illness | 1 | 371 (87.9) | 168 (91.3%) | 203 (85.3%) | 1 | |
> 2 | 51 (12.1) | 16 (8.7%) | 35 (14.7%) | 0.063* | 0.552 (0.295, 1.033) | |
Duration of take care of pt | < 2 years | 121 (28.7) | 41 (22.3%) | 80 (33.6%) | 1 | |
3–5 years | 118 (28.0) | 51 (27.7%) | 51 (28.2%) | 0.139* | 1.485 (0.880, 2.508) | |
6–8 years | 82 (19.4) | 45 (24.5%) | 45 (15.5%) | 0.003* | 2.373 (1.335, 4.218) | |
> 8 years | 101 (23.9) | 47 (25.5%) | 47 (22.7%) | 0.056* | 1.698 (.987, 2.922) | |
Caregiver chronic physical/medical illness | Yes | 55 (13.0) | 19 (10.3%) | 36 (15.1%) | 1 | |
No | 367 (87.0) | 165 (89.7%) | 202 (84.9%) | 0.149* | 1.548 (.856,2.799) | |
Patients age | 13–25 years | 131 (31.0) | 54 (29.3%) | 77 (32.4%) | 0.706 | 1.110 (.645, 1.912) |
26–30 years | 102 (24.2) | 47 (25.5%) | 55 (23.1%) | 0.299 | 1.353 (.765, 2.394) | |
31–40 years | 96 (22.7) | 479 (25.5%) | 49 (20.6%) | 0.157* | 1.519 (.852, 2.707) | |
40–96 years | 93 (22.0) | 36 (19.6%) | 57 (23.9%) | 1 | ||
Patients occupation | Farmer | 101 (23.9) | 36 (19.6%) | 65 (27.3%) | 1 | |
House wife | 47 (11.1) | 21 (11.4%) | 26 (10.9%) | 0.294 | 1.458 (0.721, 2.950) | |
Merchant | 18 (4.3) | 8 (4.3%) | 10 (4.2%) | 0.478 | 1.444 (0.523, 3.986) | |
Gov’t and private employee | 44 (10.4) | 27 (14.7%) | 17 (7.1%) | 0.005* | 2.868 (1.381, 5.955) | |
Student | 38 (9.0) | 16 (8.7%) | 22 (9.2%) | 0.483 | 1.313 (0.613, 2.813) | |
Unemployed | 157 (37.2) | 70 (38.0%) | 87 (36.6%) | 0.155* | 1.453 (0.868, 2.430) | |
Others | 17 (4) | 6 (3.3%) | 11 (4.6%) | 0.978 | 0.985 (0.336, 2.885) | |
Co morbid diagnosis of patients | Yes | 70 (16.6) | 36 (19.6%) | 34 (14.3%) | 1 | |
No | 352 (83.4) | 148 (80.4%) | 204 (85.7%) | 0.150* | 0.685 (0.410, 1.146) | |
Number of episode | 1–2 | 295 (69.9) | 115 (62.5%) | 180 (75.6%) | 1 | |
3–4 | 58 (13.7) | 35 (19.0%) | 23 (9.7%) | 0.003* | 2.382 (1.339, 4.236) | |
> 4 | 69 (16.4) | 34 (18.5%) | 35 (14.7%) | 0.119* | 1.520 (0.898, 2.575) | |
Number of admission | None | 259 (61.4) | 117 (63.6%) | 142 (59.7%) | 1 | |
1 admission | 102 (24.2) | 34 (18.5%) | 68 (28.6%) | 0.041* | 0.607 (0.376, .980) | |
2 admission | 25 (5.9) | 13 (7.1%) | 12 (5.0%) | 0.514 | 1.315 (0.578, 2.991) | |
3 admission | 19 (4.5) | 12 (6.5%) | 7 (2.9%) | 0.136* | 2.081 (0.794, 5.45) | |
4 admission | 17 (4) | 8 (4.3%) | 9 (3.8%) | 0.880 | 1.079 (0.404, 2.884) | |
Duration of illness | ≤ 2 years | 145 (34.4) | 52 (28.3%) | 93 (39.1%) | 1 | |
3–5 years | 79 (18.7) | 34 (18.5%) | 45 (18.9%) | 0.292 | 1.351 (0.772, 2.366) | |
6–10 years | 133 (31.5) | 66 (35.9%) | 67 (28.2%) | 0.021* | 1.762 (1.090, 2.848) | |
> 10 years | 65 (15.4) | 32 (17.4%) | 33 (13.9%) | 0.069* | 1.734 (0.958, 3.138) | |