Table 4 Multinomial logistic regression analysis of the relationships between potential explanatory variables and ED admissions for psychiatric consultation during the lockdown and post-lockdown periods with the interaction between frequent attendees and the type of disease
Reference group: pre-lockdown | Lockdown | Post-lockdown | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical variables | RRR | (95% CI) | p-values | RRR | (95% CI) | p-values |
 Type of disease (base cat.: SMI) | ||||||
  nSMI | 1.42** | (1.01–1.98) | 0.041 | 1.71*** | (1.39–2.09) | 0.000 |
  A&S | 1.52* | (0.95–2.44) | 0.079 | 1.41** | (1.01–1.99) | 0.047 |
 Type of disease x frequent attendee | ||||||
  SMI x frequent attendee | 0.46 | (0.18–1.21) | 0.117 | 1.59* | (0.95–2.67) | 0.077 |
  nSMI x frequent attendee | 1.37 | (0.55–3.42) | 0.496 | 1.93** | (1.04–3.59) | 0.037 |
  A&S x frequent attendee | 1.43 | (0.52–3.94) | 0.489 | 0.68 | (0.15–3.11) | 0.615 |
 Triage (base cat.: major/urgent emergency) | 0.55*** | (0.40–0.76) | 0.000 | 0.64*** | (0.53–0.78) | 0.000 |
 Reason for accessing (base cat.: psychomotor agitation) | 1.40** | (1.02–1.91) | 0.037 | 2.25*** | (1.80–2.81) | 0.000 |
 Mode of arrival (base cat.: ambulance) | 2.17*** | (1.51–3.13) | 0.000 | 1.40*** | (1.12–1.75) | 0.003 |
 Local Health Agency (base cat.: Local Health Agency Rome 1) | 1.58** | (1.11–2.24) | 0.012 | 1.32** | (1.05–1.66) | 0.016 |
 LOS | 1.05*** | (1.02–1.07) | 0.000 | 1.08*** | (1.06–1.10) | 0.000 |
Socio-demographic variables | ||||||
 Age (base cat.: below 35 years | ||||||
  36–49 | 0.96 | (0.63–1.47) | 0.860 | 0.76** | (0.58–1.00) | 0.049 |
  Over 50 | 0.82 | (0.54–1.24) | 0.353 | 0.77* | (0.58–1.02) | 0.065 |
  Unknown | 1.59 | (0.74–3.42) | 0.235 | 0.68 | (0.38–1.22) | 0.199 |
 Nationality (Italian) | 1.06 | (0.71–1.59) | 0.763 | 1.11 | (0.85–1.46) | 0.431 |
 Gender (male) | 1.53*** | (1.11–2.11) | 0.010 | 1.07 | (0.86–1.34) | 0.541 |
 Constant omitted | ||||||
 Robust CI in parenthesis | ||||||