AD | Elderly without dementia | AD + D vs. AD − D | LLD vs. HC | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AD + D (mean ± SD) | AD − D (mean ± SD) | LLD (mean ± SD) | HC (mean ± SD) | p value | Cohen’s d | p value | Cohen’s d | |
Depressive symptoms | ||||||||
CSDD | 8.15 ± 7.46 | 0.06 ± 2.28 | – | – | 0.000*** | 1.467 | – | – |
HAMD | – | – | 11.20 ± 7.24 | −0.20 ± 1.08 | – | – | 0.000*** | 2.202 |
SGDS-K | 3.76 ± 4.60 | −1.25 ± 4.42 | 6.54 ± 4.29 | −0.86 ± 2.18 | 0.000*** | 1.110 | 0.000*** | 2.175 |
Cognitive function | ||||||||
MMSE-KC | 1.93 ± 3.37 | 0.08 ± 3.45 | 0.73 ± 3.08 | 0.13 ± 2.03 | 0.034* | 0.542 | 0.534 | 0.235 |
Word Fluency | 1.24 ± 3.17 | 0.60 ± 3.27 | 1.15 ± 2.48 | 1.00 ± 2.50 | 0.431 | 0.199 | 0.870 | 0.060 |
K-BNT | 1.48 ± 2.50 | −0.06 ± 1.43 | 0.00 ± 2.48 | 0.13 ± 1.30 | 0.005** | 0.756 | 0.864 | 0.065 |
Word List Memory | 2.26 ± 5.44 | 1.16 ± 3.40 | 1.17 ± 2.95 | 1.07 ± 3.73 | 0.374 | 0.242 | 0.940 | 0.029 |
Word List Recall | 0.95 ± 1.68 | 0.28 ± 1.30 | 0.50 ± 1.78 | 1.13 ± 1.73 | 0.120 | 0.446 | 0.360 | 0.358 |
Word List Recognition | 1.67 ± 4.19 | 0.47 ± 3.41 | 0.83 ± 2.33 | 0.53 ± 0.83 | 0.278 | 0.314 | 0.646 | 0.171 |
Constructional Praxis | 0.28 ± 1.67 | 0.67 ± 1.99 | −0.08 ± 1.55 | 0.07 ± 1.44 | 0.401 | 0.212 | 0.801 | 0.100 |
Constructional Recall | 0.04 ± 1.43 | −0.50 ± 1.78 | 1.62 ± 3.25 | 0.60 ± 3.27 | 0.199 | 0.334 | 0.419 | 0.312 |
SBT-K | 2.25 ± 5.64 | −0.31 ± 5.88 | 0.54 ± 5.93 | 1.27 ± 2.22 | 0.084 | 0.444 | 0.662 | 0.163 |
DSTF | 0.04 ± 0.91 | 0.34 ± 0.91 | −0.08 ± 0.95 | 0.13 ± 1.06 | 0.215 | 0.329 | 0.588 | 0.208 |
DSTB | −0.04 ± 0.62 | 0.17 ± 0.95 | −0.15 ± 0.80 | 0.13 ± 1.30 | 0.341 | 0.261 | 0.497 | 0.304 |
Contrasting Program | 2.46 ± 7.92 | 3.06 ± 5.66 | 1.69 ± 3.25 | 0.13 ± 0.35 | 0.736 | 0.087 | 0.110 | 0.674 |
Go/No-Go | 2.08 ± 7.92 | 0.63 ± 5.67 | 4.33 ± 5.96 | −0.60 ± 1.18 | 0.414 | 0.210 | 0.007** | 1.147 |
Semantic Fluency | 2.00 ± 5.53 | 0.70 ± 5.10 | 2.25 ± 3.72 | 2.43 ± 4.03 | 0.362 | 0.244 | 0.908 | 0.046 |
Phonemic Fluency | 2.47 ± 5.04 | 2.03 ± 4.12 | 1.92 ± 7.28 | 0.67 ± 5.88 | 0.757 | 0.095 | 0.625 | 0.188 |
Stroop color | 5.54 ± 12.49 | 6.08 ± 12.22 | 8.82 ± 19.91 | −0.43 ± 9.00 | 0.889 | 0.043 | 0.134 | 0.598 |
Others | ||||||||
S-IADL | 0.14 ± 7.92 | −0.39 ± 7.75 | 3.00 ± 2.97 | −0.07 ± 1.14 | 0.788 | 0.07 | 0.003** | 1.36 |
BDS–ADL | −0.09 ± 1.75 | −0.55 ± 1.71 | – | – | 0.300 | 0.27 | – | – |
NPI | 2.82 ± 4.80 | 0.85 ± 5.61 | – | – | 0.148 | 0.38 | – | – |
WHO-5 | 2.90 ± 28.04 | −2.91 ± 22.38 | 34.93 ± 20.08 | 4.29 ± 19.87 | 0.360 | 0.23 | 0.000*** | 1.53 |
SIS | 2.90 ± 3.08 | 0.08 ± 0.28 | 1.33 ± 3.24 | −0.36 ± 1.34 | 0.000*** | 1.29 | 0.080 | 0.68 |
Suicidality | 3.69 ± 5.27 | 0.03 ± 0.38 | 1.33 ± 3.06 | 0.36 ± 1.34 | 0.001** | 0.98 | 0.270 | 0.41 |