Skip to main content

Table 3 Adjusted hospitalizations, direct healthcare costs, and indirect costs

From: The economic and humanistic burden of bipolar disorder in adults in the United States

Outcome

Respondents with bipolar disorder by depressive symptom severity

Respondents with bipolar disorder (n = 3285)

General population (n = 6570)

None/mild (n = 1401)

Moderate (n = 889)

Severe (n = 1293)

All-cause hospitalizations in the past 6 months, mean (95% CI)

0.30 (0.24, 0.37)

0.50 (0.39, 0.64)

0.46 (0.38, 0.57)

0.53 (0.43, 0.66)

0.30 (0.26, 0.35)

Annualized total direct healthcare costs, per patient, mean (95% CI)

$14,389 ($12,390, $16,711)

$22,302 ($18,420, $27,001)

$21,341 ($18,231, $24,981)

$20,846 ($17,654, $24,615)

$11,391 ($10,129, $12,811)

Annualized indirect costs, per patient, mean (95% CI)

$10,799 ($9938, $11,734)

$17,109 ($15,487, $18,901)

$18,470 ($16,889, $20,200)

$14,795 ($13,867, $15,786)

$9274 ($8861, $9705)

  1. BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI, confidence interval; n, number of respondents
  2. Models by depressive symptom severity adjusted for age, sex, race, employment (models of hospitalizations and directs costs only), health insurance, smoking status, alcohol use, exercise behavior, BMI, education level, income level, and CCI. Models comparing respondents with bipolar disorder vs. matched general population adjusted for CCI
Back to article page

Annals of General Psychiatry

ISSN: 1744-859X