Cognitive function and number of teeth in a community-dwelling population in Japan

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the subjects

	Poor cognition (n= 26)	Control (n= 436)
MMSE*	21.0 ± 2.0	28.6 ± 1.7
Age (years)*	73.7 ± 7.9	68.3 ± 6.2
Gender	Male 12, female 14	Male 151, female 285
Level of education (years)*	8.7 ± 1.5	10.8 ± 1.9
Smoking status
No	18	339
Current	2	31
Previous	6	66
Habitual alcohol intake
No	14	273
Current	11	149
Previous	1	14
Positive history of
Diabetes mellitus	3 (11.5%)	44 (10.1%)
Hypertension	13 (50.0%)	201 (46.1%)
Cancer	3 (11.5%)	34 (7.8%)
TMIG-IC score
Instrumental self-maintenance	4.6 ± 0.8	4.9 ± 0.3
Intellectual activity*	2.9 ± 1.1	3.6 ± 0.7
Social role	3.4 ± 1.0	3.7 ± 0.6
CES-D total score	11.9 ± 7.1	10.3 ± 5.9
Number of remaining teeth*	5.8 ± 7.3	16.2 ± 9.7
Number of teeth lost*	22.3 ± 7.1	11.9 ± 9.6

Student's unpaired t test for continuous variables or chi-square test for categorical variables was used to evaluate the differences between poor cognition (MMSE ≤ 23) and control (MMSE ≥ 24). Values for the different tests are presented as mean ± S.D. MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, TMIG-IC Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence, CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression scale. *p < 0.05.

ISSN: 1744-859X