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Table 3 Characteristics of schizophrenia patients who showed improved recovery at the end of 10-year follow-up study period (n = 61)

From: The abilities of improved schizophrenia patients to work and live independently in the community: a 10-year long-term outcome study from Mumbai, India

Characteristics of schizophrenia patients

Mean or frequency (SD or %)

Range

95% Confidence intervals (%)

Male gender

43.0 (70.5%)

-

57.4 to 81.5

Male age (years)

42.0 (7.1)

22 to 58

39.7 to 44.2

Female gender

18.0 (29.5%)

-

18.5 to 42.6

Female age (years)

41.5 (8.0)

28 to 55

37.5 to 45.5

PANSS

49.4 (8.2)

31 to 68

47.3 to 51.5

Positive symptoms

8.0 (3.9)

2 to 20

7.0 to 9.0

Negative symptoms

10.1 (7.5)

1 to 27

8.2 to 12.0

General psychopathology

31.0 (12.7)

6 to 57

27.7 to 34.3

HDRS

12.5 (5.3)

4 to 24

11.1 to 13.9

GAF

78.3 (12.2)

45 to 98

75.2 to 81.5

QOL

76.2 (11.5)

46 to 98

73.2 to 79.1

Status of employment (>3)

24.0 (40.0%)

 

27.6 to 53.5

Independent living (>3)

43.0 (72.9%)

 

59.7 to 83.6

BG

98.4 (12.8)

78 to 128

95.1 to 101.7

WMS

90.3 (12.2)

68 to 117

87.1 to 93.4

  1. BG = Bender-Gestalt test; GAF = Global Assessment of Functioning; HDRS = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PANSS = Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; QOL = Quality of Life; SD = Standard Deviation; WMS = Wechsler Memory Scale.