From: Cognitive impairment in manic bipolar patients: important, understated, significant aspects
Manic subgroup N = 54 | Depressive subgroup N = 32 | Euthymic subgroup N = 30 | Mixed subgroup N = 21 | p* | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Verbal memory | 37 (30–46) | 41 (38–47) | 45 (39–47) | 40 (37–45) | <0.0001 |
Working memory | 14 (10–28) | 20.5 (10–28) | 25 (14–27) | 14 (11–20) | <0.0001 |
Psychomotor speed | 54 (47–74) | 48 (44–58) | 58 (54–62) | 46 (42–68) | <0.0001 |
Verbal fluency | 44.5 (34–67) | 34 (30–55) | 56 (50–62) | 41 (40–46) | <0.0001 |
Attention and speed of information processing | 42 (39–58) | 41 (39–48) | 48 (43–52) | 40 (30–44) | <0.0001 |
Executive function/reasoning and problem solving | 11.5 (4–18) | 14 (11–19) | 16 (12–17) | 11 (7–15) | <0.0001 |