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Table 2 Impact of attachment, parenting, and ADHD symptoms on emotion processing and alexithymia in the total sample

From: Attachment, recalled parental rearing, and ADHD symptoms predict emotion processing and alexithymia in adults with ADHD

Dependent variable (emotion processing)

Independent variablesa (attachment, parenting memories, ADHD symptoms, sex, age, education, and group)

β/t/p

ANOVA/R 2

Acceptance of own emotions (EES)

Secure (vs. anxious) in relation to partner (RASA)

0.25/1.7/0.010

df = 3; F = 4.8; p < 0.01/R 2 = 0.22

Education

−0.26/−1.8/0.074

Group

0.25/1.7/0.089

Experiencing being flooded with emotions (EES)

Secure (vs. anxious) in relation to partner (RASA)

−0.20/−2.1/0.045

df = 4; F = 19.2; p < 0.001/R 2 = 0.61

Emotional warmth of mother (QRPRB)

0.17/1.7/0.096

Childhood ADHD symptoms (WURS-k)

0.60/5.7/0.000

Sex

−0.39/−4.3/0.000

Experiencing emotion regulation (EES)

Secure (vs. anxious) in relation to mother (RASA)

−0.40/−3.1/0.003

df = 9; F = 5.0; p < 0.001/R 2 = 0.51

Secure (vs. anxious) in relation to partner (RASA)

0.53/3.8/0.000

Depend. (vs. independ.) in relation to partner (RASA)

−0.22/−1.7/0.100

Feeling comfortable depending on others (AAS)

−0.33/−2.0/0.057

Rejection and punishment by mother (QRPRB)

−0.40/−2.6/0.015

Emotional warmth of father (QRPRB)

0.39/2.9/0.006

Childhood ADHD symptoms (WURS-k)

0.39/1.9/0.064

Current inattentiveness (ADHD-SR)

−0.33/−1.8/0.071

Education

−0.26/−1.9/0.063

Experiencing self-control (EES)

Depend. (vs. independ.) in relation to mother (RASA)

−0.26/−2.2/0.032

df = 5; F = 7.2; p < 0.001/R 2 = 0.43

Feeling comfortable with closeness and intimacy (AAS)

0.43/2.8/0.008

Current hyperactivity (ADHD-SR)

−0.65/−1.7/0.095

Current impulsivity (ADHD-SR)

−0.66/−2.7/0.095

Current ADHD symptomatology (total) (ADHD-SR)

1.02/2.3/0.025

Alexithymia (TAS-20)

Secure (vs. anxious) in relation to partner (RASA)

−0.53/−4.3/0.000

df = 3; F = 8.1; p < 0.001/R 2 = 0.33

Anxiety about rejection or abandonment (AAS)

−0.29/−2.1/0.046

Emotional warmth of father (QRPRB)

0.31/2.1/0.039

  1. aCollinearity statistics indicated that the independent variables did not explain each other (all variables with a tolerance >0.1 and a variance inflation factor <10)